Hammertoes
Hammertoe is a deformity of the second, third, or fourth toes. In this condition, the toe is bent at the middle joint, giving it a curved appearance. Left untreated, hammertoes can become inflexible and require surgery. People with hammertoe may have corns or calluses on the top of the middle joint of the toe or on the tip of the toe. They may also feel pain in their toes or feet and have difficulty finding comfortable shoes.
Causes of hammertoe include improperly fitting shoes and muscle imbalance.
Anyone can get a hammer toe. There are a few factors that make you more likely to develop them, such as:
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Genetics (if your parents had them, you can get them too)
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Injury in which the toe is jammed or broken
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Arthritis and other diseases that affect the nerves and muscles
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Bunions
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The way you walk
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Poorly fitting shoes
Treatment for the condition typically involves wearing shoes with soft, roomy toe boxes and toe exercises to stretch and strengthen the muscles. Commercially available straps, cushions, or nonmedicated corn pads may also relieve symptoms.
In severe cases, hammertoe surgery may be recommended to correct the deformity.